As air temperatures rise during the summer months, there is also a marked increase in cases of heatstroke. In particular, spending long periods in the sun at midday, failing to drink enough fluids and engaging in strenuous physical activity in high temperatures can disrupt the body’s thermal balance, leading to serious health problems.

Dr. Yunus Coşkun, an Internal Medicine Specialist at Medline Adana Hospital, emphasised that heatstroke is not merely a temporary state of fatigue but can develop into a serious condition that may pose a life-threatening risk if not treated promptly. He issued warnings and recommendations, stressing the need for caution in hot weather.

Vital organs may be damaged

Heatstroke is a serious health problem that arises when the body is unable to regulate its own temperature due to excessive heat. Normally, the body attempts to cool itself through sweating. However, in extremely hot and humid conditions, this mechanism may prove insufficient. As the body’s temperature rises to dangerous levels, the brain, heart, kidneys and other vital organs may be damaged. Therefore, heatstroke is considered one of the medical emergencies requiring immediate intervention.

At-risk groups should take care

Although it can affect people of all ages, some individuals are more susceptible to heatstroke. In particular, babies, young children, people over the age of 65, those with chronic heart or kidney conditions or diabetes, and people working outdoors are at higher risk. Furthermore, heatstroke is more common among athletes, those engaged in heavy physical labour, and people who do not drink enough fluids. In hot weather, it is vital to drink water regularly without waiting until you feel thirsty and to avoid spending long periods outdoors during the hours when the sun’s rays are at their strongest.

Symptoms should not be taken lightly

The initial symptoms of heatstroke may include severe headache, dizziness, fatigue, nausea, vomiting and an intense feeling of thirst. As body temperature rises, more serious symptoms such as confusion, slurred speech, loss of balance, muscle cramps and fainting may develop. In some patients, the skin becomes hot and dry, whilst in others, excessive sweating may continue. If these symptoms are observed, the person must be moved to a cool environment and taken to the nearest healthcare facility without delay.

Early intervention saves lives

First aid is of the utmost importance in cases of heatstroke. The person should be moved to a shaded or cool environment, any tight clothing should be loosened, and attempts should be made to cool the body with water or wet towels. People who are conscious may be given water in small sips. However, if symptoms such as fainting, loss of consciousness, seizures or a high temperature are present, nothing should be given by mouth and emergency medical assistance must be sought. Fluid therapy and necessary medical interventions administered in hospital play a critical role in preventing potential organ damage.

Protection from the sun is the most effective treatment!

Dr. Yunus Coşkun, who emphasised that it is possible to protect oneself from heatstroke in summer with simple yet effective measures, offered the following recommendations:

• Drink plenty of water every day; do not wait until you feel thirsty
• Avoid going outside as much as possible between 11.00 and 16.00, when the sun is at its strongest
• Opt for light-coloured, loose-fitting, lightweight and cotton clothing
• Wear a wide-brimmed hat and UV-protective sunglasses
• If you are working outdoors, take regular breaks in the shade
• Carry out strenuous exercise early in the morning or in the evening
• Ensure that babies, children and the elderly do not spend long periods in the sun
• If you experience dizziness, a high temperature, confusion or fainting, seek immediate medical attention at the nearest Emergency Department