Pregnancy is a unique process that causes many physical and hormonal changes in the female body. While these changes can sometimes make an expectant mother feel great, they can also pave the way for various problems.

“Although each woman's experience of pregnancy is unique, some discomforts are common to almost all expectant mothers. Fortunately, it is possible to prevent many of them by taking the necessary precautions” says Dr. Sevgi Sarı Demir, Gynecology and Obstetrics Specialist, Medline Adana Hospital, explaining the 5 most common pregnancy discomforts and how to manage them

Nausea and vomiting (morning sickness)

One of the most common and well-known symptoms of pregnancy is nausea and vomiting. It usually occurs in the first trimester of pregnancy, and is more severe, especially in the morning. It is usually more severe in young women, in their first pregnancy, and in twin pregnancy.

• Have a savory cracker or cookie in the morning before you get up.
• Eat frequently and in small portions. This will help keep your stomach in balance without filling it up.
• Avoid fatty, spicy, and strong meals.
• Avoid unpleasant smells, such as strong perfumes.
• If your nausea persists, call your doctor or health care professional.

Weakness and Fatigue

During pregnancy, expectant mothers may feel more tired than usual due to the body's increased energy needs, and shifting hormone levels. Elevated levels of the hormone progesterone, especially in the first trimester, intensify drowsiness and fatigue.

Maintain your sleep schedule, sleeping at least 7-9 hours a day.

Get checked for iron deficiency. If necessary, take iron supplements under medical supervision.

Eat a balanced and healthy diet. Eat foods rich in protein, healthy carbohydrates, and omega-3 fatty acids.

Back and Lower Back Pain

As pregnancy progresses, the expanding uterus and shifting center of gravity can put pressure on the back and lower back. These complaints increase especially during the 2nd and 3rd trimesters. Some women may experience persistent symptoms after pregnancy.

• Pay attention to your posture. Stand up straight and use a chair that supports your back.
• Light stretching and exercises such as prenatal yoga can strengthen your lower back and back muscles.
• Avoid sitting or standing in the same position for long periods of time, and do not wear high heels.
• Consult your doctor, if the pain is very severe or if you feel numbness radiating down your legs.

Constipation and Bloating

The hormone progesterone, elevated during pregnancy, slows down bowel movements, leading to constipation. At the same time, an expanded uterus can put pressure on the bowels, increasing the feeling of bloating.

• Eat a diet high in fiber (whole grains, vegetables, fruits, and legumes).
• Drink plenty of water every day. This will help regulate bowel movements.
• Take regular walks to help speed up bowel movements.
• Eat probiotic foods.
• Do not use medications such as laxatives unless recommended by a physician.

Frequent Urination

• In early pregnancy, frequent urination occurs due to increased progesterone, and increased workload on the kidneys. In addition, the expanding uterus in the later stages of pregnancy can put pressure on the bladder, and worsen this condition.
• Never reduce your fluid intake. However, you should avoid drinking too much water, especially at night before going to bed.
• Avoid caffeinated beverages (tea, coffee, and soda).
• Try to improve bladder control by doing Kegel exercises to strengthen your pelvic floor muscles.